Түркияда ең жақсы хирургияның хирургтар - ЖОҒ-325 дәрігерлер

Education:

Teaching course on “Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node”

June 1998, MDA Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

General Surgery

Feb. 1993 – Dec. 1996, Şişli Etfal Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

General Surgery

May 1990 – Jan. 1993, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France 

M.D.

1983 – 1990, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

Experience

Attending General Surgeon, Jan. 1998 – present 

F.N. Metropolitan Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

American Cancer Center, Breast Surgery

Attending General Surgeon, 1996 – present 

Medmar Diagnostic Center, Istanbul, Turkey

Diagnosis and monitoring with sophisticated techniques 

General Surgeon, 1996 – 1998

Guzelbahce Medical Center and Yeditepe Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Specializing in breast and thyroid surgery

Areas of Interests

• Pediatric Genitourinary Reconstrictive Surgery
• Hypospadias
• Circumssion
• Oncological Surgery
• Congenital Abnormalities of Upper and Lower Urinary System
• Newborn Surgery
• Pediatric Abdominal Surgery

Education
 

• 1997 -  19 Mayıs University
• 1998 National Pediatric Surgery Congress Best Reearch Study
• 2001-  Kocaeli University
• 2007 – Kosova Government
• 2009 – Yeditepe University
• 2009 – Suudi Arab be Congeress Best Clinical Study

Experience
 

• FMV Işık Highschool
• İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty
• Ondokuz Mayıs University
• Zeynep Kamil Childrens Hospital
• Kocaeli University Medical Faculty
• UT Southwestern Medical Center Pediatric Urology, Dallas, USA
• Ege University Medical Center Pediatric Urology
• Yeditepe University

EXPERIENCE

2017 - Present, Istanbul/Istanbul/Türkiye

MEMORIAL ATAŞEHİR HOSPITAL

Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis Specialist

2009 - 2016, Istanbul/Istanbul/Türkiye

MALTEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF MEDICINE

Dean<br>Department of Pulmonary Diseases<br>Senator<br>Faculty Board Member

2005 - 2009, Istanbul/Istanbul/Türkiye

SÜREYYAPAŞA CHEST DISEASES AND THORACIC SURGERY TRAINING AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL

Chest Diseases Clinic Chief

1991 - 2005, Istanbul/Istanbul/Türkiye

HEYBELİADA CHEST DISEASES THORACIC SURGERY TRAINING AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL

Chief Physician<br>Chief of Chest Diseases Clinic

1989 - 1991, Istanbul/Istanbul/Türkiye

ÇAMLICA MILITARY CHEST DISEASES HOSPITAL

Medical Second Lieutenant

1984 - 1989, Montreal/Montreal/Türkiye

MALATYA STATE HOSPITAL

Chest Diseases Specialist

Prof. Dr. Yildiray Yuzer is a General Surgeon with expertise in Oncology and Hepatobiliary Surgery. He focuses on liver and bile duct surgery. With over 38 years of experience, he is well known for his skill in liver transplantation.

Dr. Yuzer has performed more than 4,500 liver transplants, mainly using healthy living donors. He is considered a leading surgeon in this area. He is a professor and completed a fellowship at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York.

He is a member of the Turkish Medical Association. Dr. Yuzer has published many articles on hepatobiliary diseases and transplantation outcomes.

2017 - 2018

University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Health Practice Research Hospital

2015 - 2018

University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Health Practice Research Hospital

2013 - 2018

University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Health Practice Research Hospital

2013

Articles Published in 28 International Refereed Journals

Papers and Posters Presented at 17 International Scientific Meetings

Articles Published in 55 National Refereed Journals

56 Papers and Posters Presented at National Scientific Meetings

14 Referenced Publications in National and International Refereed Journals

35 Domestic Panel Conference Moderators Live Surgery

10 Domestic Courses Attended

8 International Conferences Attended

32 Meetings with Domestic Participants

6 International Meetings

Areas of Interests

• Surgical treatment of thyroid, parathyroid gland diseases and cancers
• Surgical treatment of adrenal gland (adrenal gland) diseases and cancers
• Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgery

Education:

• Galatasaray High School (1989-1997)
• Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Medical Education (1997-2003)
• Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Specialization in General Surgery (2003-2009)
• Cleveland Clinic, Endocrine and Metabolism Institute, Center for Endocrine Surgery, USA, Research Fellowship (2014)
• Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery and Sarcoma Unit, Sweden, Endocrine Surgery Clinical Fellowship (2015)
• Ottawa University, Faculty of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Apoptosis Research Center (ARC), Canada, Translational Medicine Clinical Research Fellowship (2016-2017)

Experience:

• LIV Hospital Ulus & LIV Hospital Vadistanbul
• Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital (2012-2021)
• Ottawa University, Faculty of Medicine, Canada (2016)
• Karonlinska University Hospital, Sweden (2015)
• Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA. (2014)
• Iğdır State Hospital (2009-2012)

Memberships

• Endocrine Surgery Association, Member of the Board and Secretary General of the Association
• Dialogue Society in Endocrinology, Member
• Endoscopic Laparoscopic Surgery Association, Member
• Turkish Surgery Association, Member
• European Society of Endocrine Surgery(ESES), Member
• European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES), Member
• Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Member
• Clinical Robotic Surgery Association (CRSA), Member
• American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES), Member
• American College of Surgeons (ACS), Member

Education and Expertise

19 Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine - Medical Education

Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine - Radiodiagnostics Specialization

Fırat University Faculty of Medicine Radiodiagnostics - Associate Professorship

Fırat University Faculty of Medicine Radiodiagnostics - Professorship

Bezmialem Vakif University Radiology - Professorship

Yeditepe University Radiology - Professorship

Experience

Sinop Central Kabalı Health Center and Gerze Karlı Health Center Doctor - Dr.

Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiodiagnostics - Dr.Ar.Gör.

SB Sivas Maternity and Child Nursing Hospital - Specialist Dr.

Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiodiagnostics - Assist.Prof.Dr

Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiodiagnostics - Assoc.Prof.Dr.

Fırat University Medical Faculty Hospital - Chief Physician Assist.

Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA - Research Fellow

Fırat University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office - Member of the Faculty Board of Directors

Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiodiagnostics - Prof.Dr

Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office - Member of the Faculty Board of Directors

Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiology - Prof.Dr and USA. head

Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology - Prof.Dr. head

Administrative Duties

1. Assistant Chief Physician. Fırat University Medical Faculty Hospital January 2004 –August 2004

2. Member of Faculty Board and Board of Directors Fırat University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office June 2005 – July 2008

3. Faculty Board Member Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Office October 2010 – 2013

4. Head of Department, Bezmialem Vakıf University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology October 2010- December 2014.

Awards

1-ECR (European Congress of Radiology) 2002: 1-5 March 2002 (Vienna). image interpretation. 3rd prize.

2- Interpretation Corner of European Radiology 2003: 2nd prize for the most correct answers.

3- Cases of the days (ESGAR 2007, Lisbon-Portugal): 2nd prize for the most correct answers.

4- Turkish Radiology Congress, TURKRAD 2007 (28th National Radiology Congress; 27-31 October 2007, Antalya): 3rd prize for selected papers

(Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate normal prostate tissue, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer)

5- Cases of the days (ESGAR 2009, Valencia-Spain): 1st prize for the most correct answers.

Professional Memberships

1.Turkish Society of Radiology

2.Medical Ultrasonography Association

3. Turkish Magnetic Resonance Society

4. Turkish Society of Interventional Radiology

5. ESGAR (European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology) (Fellow)

6. ESR (European Society of Radiology)

7. ESUR (European Society of Uroradiology) (Fellow)

8. Korean Society of Radiology (international membership)
 

AREAS OF INTEREST

Abdominal radiology

Interventional radiology

urogenital radiology

Chemoembolization

Radioembolization

Prostate fusion biopsy

Intravenous tumor treatment

Uterine fibroid embolization

Duties in the Professional Organizations of which he is a member

1. Member of Turkish Radiology Association Qualification Board (November 2011- November 2014)

2. Member of the Board of the Turkish Society of Radiology and Secretary General of the Association (December 2013- November 2015)




A. Articles published in international peer-reviewed journals:

A1. Ozgocmen S, Karaoglan B, Kocakoc E, Ardıcoglu O, Yorgancıoglu ZR. Correlation of hand bone mineral density with the metacarpal cortical index and carpo:metacarpal ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Yonsei Med J 1999; 40:478-482.
A2. Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Ardıcoglu O, Kiris A. Popliteal artery aneurysm resembling popliteal cyst: a case report. Joint Bone Spine 2001;68:180-182.
A3. Ozgocmen S, Ardicoglu A, Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Ardicoglu O. Paravertebral abscess formation due to brucellosis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine 2001; 68:521-524.
A4. Erdogan N, Kocakoc E, Bekar D, Ozturk O. Unilateral absence of cerebellar hemisphere: a case report. Neuroradiology 2002; 44:49-51.
A5. Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Ardicoglu O. Pseudothrombophlebitis in a patient with Behçet’s syndrome: Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Clin Rheumatol 2002; 21:60-62.
A6. Ozgocmen S, Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu O. Osteophyte induced dysphagia: report of three cases. Joint Bone Spine 2002; 69:226-229.
A7. Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Ardicoglu A, Ardicoglu O. Incidence of varicoceles in patients with ankylosing spondylitis evaluated by physical examination and color duplex sonography. Urology 2002; 59:919-922.
A8. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Orhan I, Bozgeyik Z, Kanbay M, Ogur E. Incidence and importance of reflux in testicular veins of healthy men evaluated with color duplex sonography. J Clin Ultrasound 2002; 30:282-287.
A9. Kocakoc E, Kiris A. Achondrogenesis type II with normally developed extremities: A case report. Prenat Diagnosis 2002; 22:594-597. 
A10. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Ozgocmen S. Acromegalic arthropathy of the hand with sesamoid involvement: a case report. Hand Surg 2002; 7:153-154.
A11. Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Sen Y, Ardicoglu O. Calcaneal apophysitis due to brucellosis: a case report. J Trop Pediatr 2003; 49:55-58.
A12. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Sen Y, Bozgeyik Z. Pediatric idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis diagnosed by sputum analysis: plain radiography and computed tomography findings. Med Princ Pract 2003; 12:129-132.
A13.  Serhatlioglu S, Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Sapmaz E, Boztosun Y, Bozgeyik Z. Sonographic measurement of the fetal cerebellum, cisterna magna, and cavum septum pellucidum in normal fetuses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. J Clin Ultrasound 2003; 31:194-200.
A14. Kiris A, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu O, Ogur E. Lung findings on high resolution CT in early ankylosing spondylitis. Eur J Radiol 2003; 47:71-76.
A15. Kocakoc E, Serhatlioglu S, Kiris A, Bozgeyik Z, Ozdemir H, Bodakci MN. Color doppler sonographic evaluation of inter-relations between diameter, reflux and flow volume of testicular veins in varicocele. Eur J Radiol 2003; 47:251-256.
A16. Serhatlioglu S, Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Canpolat I, Bozgeyik Z, Han MC. Evaluation of the effects of sildenafil citrate (viagra) on canine renal artery, carotid and aortic blood flow with the aid of colour doppler sonography. Urol Int 2003; 71:103-107.
A17. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Alkan A, Bozgeyik Z, Sen Y, Ozdemir H. Multiseptate gallbladder in a child with chronic abdominal pain: ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance cholangiography findings. Eur J Radiol Extra 2003; 47:22-25. 
A18. Kocakoc E, Ozgocmen S, Kiris A, Ozcakar L, Boztosun Y, Yildirim N. An overwhelming pulmonary fungus ball in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient. Z Rheumatol 2003; 62:570-573.
A19. Kocakoc E, Bozgeyik Z, Ozgocmen S, Ozdemir H. Spontaneous occlusion of a traumatic false aneurysm of the peroneal artery. J Ultrasound Med 2003; 22:1391-1393. 
A20. Ozgocmen S, Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu O, Kamanli A.  Evaluation of metacarpophalangeal joint synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis by power Doppler technique: relationship between synovial vascularization and periarticular bone mineral density. Joint Bone Spine 2004; 71:384-388.
A21. Yilmaz N, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Kiris A. Primary hydatid disease of sacrum affecting the sacroiliac joint: a case report. Spine 2004; 29:E88-E91.
A22. Ozdemir H, Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E, Kalender O. MRI finding of intraosseous lipoma: case report. Magn Reson Imaging 2004; 22:281-284.
A23. Ozgocmen S, Yoldas T, Kocakoc E, Zengin FO, Ardicoglu O. Spinal epidural hematoma associated with streptokinase treatment for myocardial infarction. Spinal Cord 2004; 42:374-377.
A24. Kurtoglu S, Akcakus M, Kocaoglu C, Gunes T, Karakucuk I, Kula M, Kocakoc E. Iodine deficiency in pregnant women and in their neonates in the central Anatolian region (Kayseri) of Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 2004; 45:11-15.
A25. Kocakoc E, Poyraz AK, Cetinkaya Z, Bozgeyik Z. Postnephrectomy renal arteriovenous fistula. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23:965-968.
A26. Ozgocmen S, Kaya A, Kocakoc E, Kamanli A, Ardicoglu O, Ozkurt-Zengin F. Rupture of Baker's cyst producing pseudothrombophlebitis in a patient with Reiter's syndrome. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2004;20:600-603.
A27. Kazez A, Ozel SK, Kocakoc E, Kiris A. Double intussusception in a child: the triple circle sign. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23:1659-1661.
A28. Kiris A, Ozdemir H, Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E. Ultrasonographic target appearance due to renal calculi containing gas in emphysematous pyelitis. Eur J Radiol Extra 2004; 52:119-121.
A29. Ardicoglu A, Kocakoc E, Tuygun UO, Bozgeyik Z, Orhan I. Effectiveness of vardenafil versus papaverine in penile Doppler ultrasonography. Urol Int 2005; 75:75-79.
A30. Ardicoglu A, Kocakoc E, Yuzgec V, Bozgeyik Z, Canatan H, Kiris A. Hemodynamic effects of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on segmental branches of bilateral renal arteries. Int Urol Nephrol 2005; 37:785-789.
A31. Ozgocmen S, Kiris A, Ardicoglu O, Kocakoc E, Kaya A. Glucocorticoid iontophoresis for achilles tendon enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis: a significant response documented by power doppler ultrasound. Rheumatol Int 2005;25:158-160. 
A32. Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu A, Bozgeyik Z, Kiris A, Yuzgec V, Ogur E. Effects of sildenafil on major arterial blood flow using duplex sonography. J Clin Ultrasound 2005; 33:173-175. 
A33. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Bozgeyik Z, Uysal H, Artas H. Splenic vein aneurysm with calcification of splenic and portal veins. J Clin Ultrasound 2005; 251-253.
A34. Bhatt S, Kocakoc E, Rubens DJ, Seftel AD, Dogra VS. Sonographic evaluation of penile trauma. J Ultrasound Med 2005; 24:993-1000; quiz 1001.
A35. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Bozgeyik Z. Multiseptate gallbladder: MR cholangiography findings. Abdom Imaging 2005; 30:501.
A36. Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Poyraz AK, Dagli F, Boztosun Y. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with nephrocutanous fistula and coexisting renal replacement lipomatosis: the report of a rare case. Clin Imaging 2005; 29:356-358.
A37. Ozdemir H, Kocakoc E, Bozgeyik Z, Cobanoglu B. Recurrent retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma. Yonsei Med J 2005; 46:715-718.
A38. Kocakoc E, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Renal multidetector row CT. Radiol Clin North Am 2005; 43:1021-1047.
A39. Yilmaz N, Kaya A, Kiris A, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E. Spontaneous regression of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. APLAR Journal of Rheumatology 2006; 9:83-86.
A40. Kiris A, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu O. Power Doppler assessment of overall disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Ultrasound 2006; 34:5-11.
A41. Ozgocmen S, Ozcakar L, Ardicoglu O, Kocakoc E, Kaya A, Kiris A. Familial Mediterranean fever responds well to infliximab: single case experience. Clin Rheumatol 2006; 25:83-87.
A42. Kazez A, Akpolat N, Kocakoc E, Parmaksiz ME, Koseogullari AA. Congenital true pancreatic cyst: a rare case. Diagn Interv Radiol 2006;12:31-33.
A43. Kiris A, Kaya A, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E. Assessment of enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis by power Doppler ultrasonography. Skeletal Radiol 2006; 35:522-528.
A44. Dagli AF, Ozercan MR, Kocakoc E. Hydatid cyst of the breast mimicking inflammatory carcinoma and mastitis. J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25:1353-1356.
A45. Bhatt S, Kocakoc E, Dogra VS Endometriosis: sonographic spectrum. Ultrasound Q 2006; 22:273-280.  
A46. Kocakoc E, Kazez A, Dagli AF, Koc M. Post-circumcision granuloma: a rare cause of penile mass in a boy. J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25:1611-1613.
A47. Cetinkaya Z, Girgin M, Kocakoc E, Ayten R. Jejuno-jejunal invagination at the line of the Braun anastomosis. Eur J Radiol Extra 2007; 61:1-3.
A48. Kocakoc E, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Ultrasound evaluation of testicular neoplasms. Ultrasound Clin 2007; 2:27-44. 
A49. Kiris A, Karlidag T, Kocakoc E, Bozgeyik Z, Sarsilmaz M. Paranasal sinus computed tomography findings in patients treated for lepromatous leprosy. J Laryngol Otol 2007; 121:15-18. 
A50. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E. Dynamic flow (B-flow) versus power Doppler imaging in a case of carotid body tumor. J Clin Ultrasound 2007; 35:331-332.
A51. Onur MR, Orhan I, Firdolas F, Onur R, Kocakoç E. Clinical and radiological evaluation of ejaculatory duct obstruction. Arch Androl 2007; 53:179-186.
A52. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E, Koc M, Dagli AF. Giant fibroepithelial stromal polyp of the vulva: extended field-of-view ultrasound and computed tomography findings. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007; 30:791-792.
A53. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Orhan I, Poyraz AK, Artas H, Firdolas F. Detection of bladder tumors with 3-dimensional sonography and virtual sonographic cystoscopy. J Ultrasound Med 2008; 27:45-53.
A54. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E, Koc M. Education and imaging. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic: pancreatic lipoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23:161. 
A55. Onur MR, Firdolas F, Onur R, Kocakoc E, Akpolat N, Orhan I. Scrotal ultrasonography: should it be used in routine evaluation of infertile men? Andrologia 2008; 40:58-61.
A56. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoç E, Öztürk T. Polyorchidism with lobulation and septa in supernumerary testis. Diagn Interv Radiol 2008; 14:100-102.
A57. Kocakoc E. Detection of deep vein thrombosis with Doppler sonography. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2008; 26:159-160. 
A58. Bozgeyik Z, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E. Role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the detection of early active sacroiliitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008; 191:980-986.
A59. Kocakoc E, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Endometriosis. Ultrasound Clin 2008; 3:399-414. 
A60. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E, Sonmezgoz F. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging findings of kidneys in patients with early phase of obstruction. Eur J Radiol 2009; 70:138-141. 
A61. Colak MC, Rahman A, Kocaturk H, Bayram E, Kocakoc E. Interrupted inferior vena cava and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return with atrial septal defect in a 38-year-old adult: a case report. Cases J. 2009 Jul 16;2:7346.
A62. Ozdemir H, Ozturk T, Kocakoc E, Kayal A. Uterine arterial pseudoaneurysm: transcatheter arterial embolization as a rare complication of Caesarean section. South Med J 2009;102:1176-1178.
A63. Rahman A, Colak MC, Ustünel L, Koc M, Kocakoc E, Colak C. A comparison of different treatment managements in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis by the effects on enhancing venous outflow in the lower limb. Med Sci Monit 2009;15:CR588-593.
A64. Bozgeyik Z, Ozdemir H, Kocakoc E, Simsek M. Hepatic and portal venous Doppler waveforms and flow velocities in normal pregnancy. Med Sci Monit 2009;15:CR624-627.
A65. Doganay S, Kocakoc E, Esen M, Ciçekçi M. True diverticulum of the gallbladder. J Ultrasound Med 2010;29:121-123. 
A66. Ozdemir H, Demirdag K, Ozturk T, Kocakoc E. Anthrax of the gastrointestinal tract and oropharynx: CT findings. Emerg Radiol 2010;17:161-164. 
A67. Kocakoc E, Bozgeyik Z, Koc M, Balaban M. Idiopathic Postpartum Intussusception: A Rare Cause of Acute Abdominal Pain. Med Princ Pract 2010;19:163-165 
A68. Cetinkaya Z, Kocakoc E, Coskun S, Ozercan IH. Primary hepatic actinomycosis. Med Princ Pract 2010; 19:196-199. 
A69. Doganay S, Gul Y, Kocakoc E. Omental torsion and infarction depicted by ultrasound and computed tomography: an unusual cause of abdominal pain. Intern Med 2010; 49:871-872. 
A70. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E, Gul Y, Dagli AF. Evaluation of liver hemangiomas using three different b values on diffusion MR. Eur J Radiol 2010; 75:360-363.
A71. Doganay S, Kocakoc E, Balaban M. Nontraumatic hepatic hematoma caused by Wegener's granulomatosis: an unusual cause of abdominal pain. N Z Med J 2010;123(1318):73-78.
A72. Doganay S, Kocakoc E, Sen Y. Aortic aneurysm in a girl with Takayasu’s arteritis. N Z Med J 2010; 123(1326):124-125. 
A73. Doganay S, Sonmezgoz F, Sen Y, Kocakoc E. Deep vein thrombosis associated with protein C and protein S deficiency: An unusual cause of acute abdomen. J Clin Ultrasound 2011; 39:287-289.
A74. Onur MR, Firdolas F, Kocakoç E, Orhan I. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the kidney. J Clin Imaging Sci 2011;1:7.
A75. Dağgülli M, Onur MR, Fırdolaş F, Onur R, Kocakoç E, Orhan İ. Role of diffusion MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient measurement in the diagnosis, staging and pathological classification of bladder tumors. Urol Int 2011; 87:346-352.
A76. Onur MR, Ciçekçi M, Kocakoç E, Poyraz AK. Unusual cause of biliary obstruction: hepatobiliary fascioliasis. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2011; 74:97-98.
A77. Eyibilen A, Aladağ I, Kocakoç E. Congenital laryngoptosis: an unusual case. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2011; 27:118-120. 
A78. Doğanay S, Kocakoç E, Ciçekçi M, Ağlamiş S, Akpolat N, Orhan I. Ability and utility of diffusion-weighted MRI with different b values in the evaluation of benign and malignant renal lesions. Clin Radiol 2011; 66:420-425.
A79. Onur MR, Ciçekçi M, Kayalı A, Kocakoç E, Aygun C. Role of the apparent diffusion coefficient measurement by diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica in the liver. Jpn J Radiol 2011; 29:688-694. 
A80.Ciçekçi M, Ucak EE, Aglamis S, Kocakoc E. Typical renal oncocytoma. JBR-BTR 2011;94:130-131.
A81. Onur MR, Poyraz AK, Kocakoç E, Orhan I. Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome with testicular malignancy and unilateral seminal vesicle agenesis. European Journal of Radiology Extra 2011; 77:e71-e73.
A82. Alkan A, Goktan A, Karincaoglu Y, Kamisli S, Dogan M, Oztanir N, Turan N, Kocakoc E. Brain perfusion MRI findings in patients with Behcet’s disease. The Scientific World Journal 2012;2012:261502. 
A83. Onur MR, Ciçekçi M, Kayalı A, Poyraz AK, Kocakoç E. The role of ADC measurement in differential diagnosis of focal hepatic lesions. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81:e171-176.
A84. Poyraz AK, Onur MR, Kocakoç E, Oğur E. Diffusion-weighted MRI of fatty liver.J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:1108-1111. 
A85. Bakal U, Kazez A, Akyol M, Kocakoc E, Simsek S. A portable ultrasound based screening study on the prevalence and risk factors of cystic echinococcosis in primary school children in East Turkey. Acta Trop 2012;123:91-95.
A86. Onur MR, Kocakoç E, Poyraz AK, Ogur E. Bone tissue in esophagus: an osteogenic metastasis. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25:176.
A87. Kocakoc E, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Utility of venous compression in DVT evaluation revisited. Bratisl Lek Listy 2012;113:417-420.
A88. Kocakoc E, Kayali A, Ozturk T, Ozturk F, Gundogan P. Torsion of the wandering spleen. JBR-BTR 2012; 95:148-149.
A89. Onur MR, Poyraz AK, Kocakoç E. Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver and portal thrombosis. JBR-BTR 2012; 95:162-163.
A90. Bilgin M, Toprak H, Ahmad IC, Yardimci E, Kocakoc E. Ileocecal Intussusception due to a Lipoma in an Adult. Case Rep Surg 2012;2012:684298. 
A91. Toprak H, Bilgin M, Atay M, Kocakoc E. Diagnosis of Appendicitis in Patients with Abnormal Position of the Appendix due to Mobile Caecum. Case Rep Surg 2012; 2012:921382.
A92. Turkoglu H, Onur MR, Poyraz AK, Kocakoc E. Evaluation of normal appendix vermiformis in adults with multidetector computed tomography. Clinical Imaging 2012; 36:758-762.
A93. Bilgin M, Sevket O, Yildiz S, Sharifov R, Kocakoc E. Imaging of post-partum ovarian vein thrombosis. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2012;2012:134603. 
A94. Bilgin M, Burgazli M, Toprak H, Erdogan A, Kocakoc E. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of abdominal complications of cystic fibrosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2012; 16Suppl 4:48-51. 
A95. Kocakoç E, Onur MR, Serter A. The role of diffusion-weighted MRI for the evaluation of focal hepatic lesions. Imaging in Medicine 2012; 4:527-539.
A96. Bilgin M, Yildiz S, Toprak H, Ahmad IC, Kocakoc E. CT and MRI Findings of Hepatic Involvement in Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease. Case Rep Radiol 2012;2012:484085. 
A97. Onur MR, Bakal U, Kocakoc E, Tartar T, Kazez A. Cystic abdominal masses in children: a pictorial essay. Clinical Imaging 2013;37:18-27.
A98. Poyraz AK, Firdolas F, Onur MR, Kocakoç E. Evaluation of left renal vein entrapment using multidetector computed tomography. Acta Radiologica 2013;54:144-148.
A99. Toprak H, Atay M, Ahmad IC, Kocakoc E. Retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma arising from intra-abdominal undescended testis in an adult. Clinical Imaging 2013; 37:403-405.
A100. Yildiz S, Toprak H, Serter A, Kocakoç E. Stab injury of the thoracic aorta: computed tomography findings.Case Rep Radiol 2013;2013:397514. doi: 10.1155/2013/397514.
A101. Serter A, Kocakoç E, Çipe G. Supposed to be rare cause of intestinal obstruction; abdominal cocoon: report of two cases. Clinical Imaging 2013; 37:586-589. 
A102. Bozgeyik Z, Kocakoc E, Aglamis S, Ogur E. Perforation of the urinary bladder wall by Foley catheter. JBR-BTR 2013; 96:210-211.
A103. Kilicarslan R, Burakgazi G, Aglamis S, Kocakoc E. Superior vena cava syndrome caused by Behçet's disease. JBR-BTR 2013; 96:232-233.
A104. Esen M, Onur MR, Akpolat N, Orhan I, Kocakoc E. Utility of ADC measurement on diffusion-weighted MRI in differentiation of prostate cancer, normal prostate and prostatitis. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2013; 3:210-216.
A105. Serter A, Alkan A, Aralasmak A, Kocakoc E. Severe posterior reversible encephalopathy in pheochromocytoma: importance of susceptibility-weighted MRI. Korean J Radiol 2013; 14:849-853.
A106. Sharifov R, Atay M, Yetis H, Kocakoc E. A rare cause of hydronephrosis: entrapment effect of giant iliac artery aneurysm. Clin Imaging 2013; 37:809-810.
A107. Toprak H, Kılıç E, Serter A, Kocakoç E, Özgöçmen S. Doppler US in rheumatic diseases with special emphasis on rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Diagn Interv Radiol 2014; 20:72-77.
A108. Toprak H, Kılıç E, Serter A, Kocakoç E, Ozgocmen S. Ultrasound and Doppler US in Evaluation of Superficial Soft-tissue Lesions. J Clin Imaging Sci 2014; 4:12, doi: 10.4103/2156-7514.127965.
A109. Ciçekçi M, Onur MR, Aydin AM, Gül Y, Ozkan Y, Akpolat N, Kocakoç E. The role of apparent diffusion coefficient values in differentiation between adrenal masses.
Clin Imaging 2014; 38:148-153. 
A110. Kocakoc E, Havan N, Bilgin M, Atay M. Primary pancreatic leiomyosarcoma. Iran J Radiol 2014; 11:e4880 (1-3).
A111. Gossypiboma/textiloma mimicking as tumour recurrence. Atay M, Ahmad IC, Bilgin M, Kocakoc E. J Pak Med Assoc 2014; 64:708-710.
A112. Kiliçarslan R, Toprak H, Ozturk F, Kocakoç E. Pseudomembranous colitis due to Clostridium difficile. JBR-BTR 2014; 97:158-159. 
A113. Ahmad IC, Yilmaz TF, Kocakoç E. Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of testicular adrenal rest tissue in a patient with 11 β hydroxilase deficiency. Case report. Med Ultrason 2014; 16:383-385.
A114. Malya FU, Hasbahceci M, Serter A, Cipe G, Karatepe O, Kocakoc E, Muslumanoglu M. Appendiceal mucocele: clinical and imaging features of 14 cases. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2014; 109:788-793.
A115. Serter A, Buyukpinarbasili N, Karatepe O, Kocakoc E. An unusual liver mass: primary malignant mesothelioma of the liver: CT and MRI findings and literature review. Jpn J Radiol 2015; 33:102-106.
A116. Kocaman O, Baysal B, Şentürk H, İnce AT, Müslümanoğlu M, Kocakoç E, Arıcı S, Uysal Ö, Yıldız K, Türkdoğan K, Danalıoğlu A. Staging of rectal carcinoma: MDCT, MRI or EUS. Single center experience. Turk J Gastroenterol 2014; 25:669-673.
A117. Yildiz S, Aralasmak A, Kadioglu H, Toprak H, Yetis H, Gucin Z, Kocakoc E. Radiologic findings of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Med Ultrason 2015; 17:39-44.
A118. Balaban M, Idilman IS, Toprak H, Unal O, Ipek A, Kocakoc E. The utility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of endometriomas from hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. Clin Imaging 2015; 39:830-833.
A119. Kocakoc E, Bakan AA, Poyrazoglu OK, Dagli AF, Gul Y, Cicekci M, Bahcecioglu IH. Assessment of Liver Fibrosis with Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Different b-values in Chronic Viral Hepatitis. Med Princ Pract 2015; 24:522-526.

B. Uluslararası bilimsel toplantılarda sunulan ve bildiri kitabında (Proceedings) basılan bildiriler :
B1. Ozgocmen S, Karaoglan B, Kocakoc E, Ardıcoglu O. Correlation of hand bone mineral density with carpo:metacarpal ratio and metacarpal cortical index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. XIV. European League Against Rheumatism Congress, Scotland, Ann Rheum Dis 58 (Suppl. 1), p241:1011, 1999.
B2. Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Ozkacar L, Ardicoglu O. Osteoarticular brucellosis:Report of two cases with unusual presentation. Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2000), Nice, Ann Rheum Dis 59 (Suppl.1), p259-260:POS-854, 2000.
B3. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Serhatlioglu S, Cekirdekci A, Ogur E. Delayed manifestation of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm: Intrathoracic herniation of the kidney. European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR 2001) 12th Annual Meeting and Postgraduate Course, Dublin, Eur Radiol 11(6): C 64, 2001. 
B4. Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Ardicoglu A, Ardicoglu O. The incidence of varicoceles in patients with ankylosing spondylitis evaluated by physical examination and color doppler sonography. Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2001), Prague, Ann Rheum Dis 60 (Suppl.1), p219:POS-21, 2001.
B5. Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Ozgocmen S, Ardicoglu O, Ogur E. Lung findings on high resolution computed tomography in early ankylosing spondylitis. European Congress of Radiology (ECR 2002), Vienna, Eur Radiol 12 (Suppl. 1), P386:C-0244, 2002.
B6. Kocakoc E, Kiris A, Orhan I, Bozgeyik Z, Kanbay M, Ogur E. The incidence, velocity, and duration of reflux in testicular veins of normal subjects evaluated with color duplex sonography. European Congress of Radiology (ECR 2002), Vienna, Eur Radiol 12 (Suppl. 1), P409:C-0360, 2002.
B7. Ozgocmen S, Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu O, Ogur E.  Power Doppler ultrasonography for the assessment of metacarpophalangeal joint synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2002), Stockholm, Ann Rheum Dis 61 (Suppl.1), p327:SAT0268, 2002. 
B8. Ozgocmen S, Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Ardicoglu O, Ogur E. High resolution computed tomography of lungs in early ankylosing spondylitis: correlation with dispnea and pulmonary function tests. Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2002), Stockholm, Ann Rheum Dis 61 (Suppl.1), p295:SAT0149, 2002. 
B9. Kiris A, Kocakoc E, Ozgocmen S, Ardıcoglu O, Ogur E. Power Doppler ultrasonography for the assessment of hand, wrist and metatarsophalangeal joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 88th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, (RSNA 2002) Chicago, Radiology 225 (p) p453MK-p, 2002.
sium on Urogenital Radiology - ESUR 2013, September 19-22, Istanbul. P15-03.

Dr. Ahmet Alptekin, I continue my service in the Department of Pediatric Surgery

I did my Pediatric Surgery residency at Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery. My state service, Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. I did it at Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital. Currently, I continue my service in the Department of Pediatric Surgery at Şişli Kolan International Hospital.

My CV; I was born in Aksaray in 1978, I completed my primary education in Nevşehir Kozaklı Atatürk Primary School. I finished secondary and high school in Konya Ereğli İvriz Anatolian Teacher High School. I studied medicine at Kayseri Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine.

Areas of interest

Pediatric Urology

Neonatal Surgery

Robotic and Laparoscopic Interventions

Tumor Surgery in Children

Endoscopy and Cystoscopy

NAME Ertan EMEK

TITLE Specialist Doctor

SECTION General Surgery

Summary CV

Date and place of birth: 17.11.1977 / Akyazı, Sakarya, Türkiye

Nationality: TurkishAcademic Title: Specialist Doctor

High School Education: Vangolu Anatolian High School 1995

Foreign Language: English

Graduation: Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, July 2001

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, May

2007

Clinical interests:

Liver transplantation: Live or deceased

Liver, Bile Duct, Pancreatic Surgery

Minimally Invasive Oncological Surgery

Kidney transplantation: Living or deceased

Areas of Interests

• 0-18 Years Old Healthy Child Monitoring and Tracking
• Breast Milk, Breastfeeding and Nutrition Consultancy
• Newborn Care and Follow-up
• Vaccines and Preventive Medicine
• Nutrition in Infancy and Childhood
• Childhood Diseases

Education:

• Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 2009-2015
• Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Department of Child Health and Diseases 2016-2019
• Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Child Health and Diseases 2020

Experience:

• Liv Hospital Ulus
• Private Levent Hospital 2022-2023
• Van Özalp State Hospital 2021-2022
• Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Child Health and Diseases Clinic 2020
• Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Child Health and Diseases Clinic 2016-2019
• Denizli State Hospital Pediatric Emergency Service 2015-2016
•  
• Psoriatic Arthritis in the Differential Diagnosis of Zinc Deficiency - Scientific Poster Presentation (38th Pediatrics Days - 2016)
• Myoclonic Epilepsy in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus - Scientific Poster Presentation (39th Pediatrics Days - 2017)
• Evaluation of Children Diagnosed with Acute Pancreatitis - Specialization Thesis (November 2020)

General Surgery

Fields of Study and Interests

 Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery

Gastroenterology Surgery

 Endoscopic Diagnostic Treatment

Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Education

 Bachelor's Degree - Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University 1976-1982

 Assistant - Department of General Surgery - Adana Province Feke District, Incirli Health Center

1982-1984

Assistant General Surgeon - Department - Şişli Etfal Hospital 1984-1985

Specialist - General Surgery Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 1985-1988

Assistant Professor Department of General Surgery - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of

Medicine 1993-1999

 Professor Department of General Surgery Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

1999-Current

Career

 Bachelor's Degree Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 1976-1982

 Assistant Adana Province Feke District, Incirli Health Center 1982-1984

 Assistant Şişli Etfal Hospital 1984-1985

 Specialist Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 1985-1988

Specialist Şırnak 23rd Border Gendarmerie Brigade (January 15-March 15 short term) 1993

Associate Professor Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 1993-1999

 Professor Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Department of General Surgery

Job Experience

2000 - 2006 Physician Biophysicist 

Traumatology Institute, Baku, Azerbaijan

 2016 Research Assistant

 Gazi University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara,Turkey

 2016-2020 Assistant Doctor

 Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital,

 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kocaeli Turkey

2020-2022 Obstetrician-Gynecologist Specialist Doctor

 Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Mengucek Gazi Training and

Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,

 Erzincan, Turkey

 2022-2023 Obstetrician-Gynecologist Specialist Doctor

 Kandıra State Hospital / Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital, Turkey

2023 - present Obstetrician-Gynecologist Specialist Doctor

Florence Nightingale Hospital

CANER GELBAL, MD

Birth Date : January 16, 1993 year

Birth Place : İstanbul, Turkey

Education, Awards and Certifications

• Inter High School Olympic Competition,Ankara Science High School Olympic Team Captain,Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(TUBİTAK)-2009 year
• Ankara Science High School-2007-2010 year
• İzmir Science High School – 2010-2011 year 
• Istanbul University School of Medicine – 2017 year 
• Animal Research Certificate – January 2019 year 
• Microsurgery Certificate- May 2019 year 
• Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital , Department  of Plastic,Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery  - 2018 year – Current
   

Rotations

November 2018 year - April 2019 year  - General Surgery Rotation - Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital Department of General Surgery

April - May 2019 year - Orthopedia Rotation - Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital Department of Orthopedia

Articles published in nationally-respected journals: 

1. Tatar BE, Gelbal C, Sezgiç M, Karakol P, Uslu C, Kabul S. A Rare Case: Malignant Granular Cell Tumor in Axillary Region.

Oral Presentations in International Meetings

1.Using Mandibular Bony Tissues Which Are Treated with Liquid Nitrogen As Scaffold For Partial Femoral Transplantation in Mandible Reconstruction and Evaluation of Bone Survival: Experimental Rat Femur Transplantation Model 

Percin Karakol, Burak Ergün Tatar, Can Uslu, Caner Gelbal, Mehmet Bozkurt 

11th European Plastic Surgery Research Council August 23-25, 2018 year, Munich, Germany

2. The Effect of Centrifuge Duration on Fat Graft Survival 

Percin Karakol, Burak Ergün Tatar, Can Uslu, Caner Gelbal, Mehmet Bozkurt

11th European Plastic Surgery Research Council August 23-25, 2018 year, Munich, Germany

3. Are the permanent effects of renal failure not so permanent? 

Percin Karakol, Caner Gelbal, Can Uslu, Burak Ergün Tatar, Mehmet Bozkurt

11th European Plastic Surgery Research Council August 23-25, 2018 year, Munich, Germany

Oral Presentations in national Meetings:

1.Üst ekstremite acil ve elektif vakalarda WALANT’ın kullanımı.                                   

Burak Ergün Tatar, Perçin Karakol, Can Uslu, Caner Gelbal  41. Ulusal Plastik Cerrahi Kurultayı, 26-30 October, 2019 year, Samsun,Turkey

Dr. Murat Erol is a general dentist with over 20 years of clinical experience. He graduated from Ege University Faculty of Dentistry in 2002. He provides care in English.

He offers preventive care and restorative treatments, including aesthetic fillings, crowns, and bridges. He also performs root canal therapy. His aesthetic services include whitening, composite bonding, and smile design. He provides fixed and removable prosthetics. His plans focus on oral function and natural aesthetics. Each treatment is tailored to the patient.

Dr. Mustafa Aydın is an Internal Medicine specialist. He graduated from Gazi University Faculty of Medicine in 2009. He provides evidence-based care for adults, including diagnosis and treatment. He communicates in English.

His clinical focus includes chronic disease management, such as diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and thyroid disorders. He treats gastrointestinal problems, including reflux, gastritis, ulcers, and liver diseases, and respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. He manages infectious diseases. He provides preventive care with routine screenings, risk assessments, and personalized health plans.

Education and Experience

Dr. Ramazan Gökhan Atış, born in Istanbul in 1978, graduated from Cağaloğlu Anatolian High School in 1996. He completed his medical education at Çapa Faculty of Medicine in 2002. Between 2002 and 2008, he received his specialization training at the Istanbul Şişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital Department of Urology, and obtained the title of Urology Specialist in February 2008. After working at Edremit Military Hospital between 2008 and 2009, he started working as a Urology specialist at Istanbul Göztepe Training and Research Hospital in 2009. In 2011, he underwent a 3-month Laparoscopy-Robotic Urology training at Heidelberg University Heillbronn Clinic. Between 2009 and 2014, he conducted numerous scientific research studies, especially in the field of endourology, and obtained the title of Associate Professor in September 2014. In 2017, he was elected as a board member of the Endourology Society and has been serving in this position since then. Since 2018, he has been actively involved in the Endourology working group of the European Association of Urology, Young Academic Urologists (EAU-YAU) Committee for a period of 2 years. In January 2021, he was appointed as a Professor at the Istanbul Medeniyet University Department of Urology.After that started working at Şişli Memorial Hospital in 2022. Prof. Dr. Ramazan Gökhan Atış, has more than 100 articles published in national and international journals.

• 1996 - 2002, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Undergraduate
• 2002 - 2008, Şişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital/Istanbul, Specialization in Medicine
• 2014, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Associate Professorship
• 2021, Istanbul Medeniyet University Department of Urology, Professorship

Administrative Duties

• Editor of Endourology Bulletin
• Board Member of Endourology Society (Secretary General)

Memberships in Scientific Organizations

• Turkish Urology Association
• Turkish Endourology Association
• Turkish Andrology Association
• Eurasian Urooncology Association
• Turkish Medical Association

Associate Professor of General and Bariatric Surgery. Specializes in laparoscopic (minimally invasive) surgery.